The Show Associated Actuals selection criteria will determine whether additional columns displaying optional information are included in the resulting output. The additional columns include:
Actual Hours -- This will include all hours charged during the assignment date range for this project / task
Variance -- the difference between the Budget and Actuals
This check box is unchecked by default as there may be a substantial performance hit associated with calculating these values should you have a large number of Assignments and in particular if they have unbounded date ranges.